Modena Cathedral
Modena
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
The Modena Cathedral, or the Cathedral of San Geminiano, is a masterpiece of Romanesque and Gothic architecture.
It has been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the Ghirlandina bell tower and Piazza Grande. Construction of the cathedral began on 26 May 1099, under the direction of architect Lanfranco, and it was built on the burial site of St. Geminianus, whose relics are preserved in the crypt. The exterior is fronted by three portals, with the central one adorned by an elegant loggia supported by columns resting on lions, and a large rose window. Along the sides are several finely decorated portals, among which the majestic Porta Regia stands out. The interior, divided into three naves, features a raised presbytery and a crypt, creating an atmosphere of extraordinary solemnity. The Ghirlandina bell tower, soaring to 86.12 metres, was completed in 1319 and is one of the city's most distinctive landmarks. Its structure, built on a square base, is crowned by an octagonal element, with marble railings known as “garlands.”
THIS PLACE IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE
Modena Cathedral is significant not only from an architectural point of view, but also for its historical and artistic value. The renowned sculptor Wiligelmo worked on the façade, carving four large reliefs depicting the Stories of Genesis. These reliefs are considered masterpieces of medieval sculpture and are of great importance. In fact, they are among the earliest examples of three-dimensional narrative sculpture and hold extraordinary theological and cultural significance. Placed on the façade of Modena Cathedral, they were designed for a Christian audience who, at the time, often could not read or write. These sculptures therefore became a powerful visual tool for communicating central concepts and stories of the faith..